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Unlike drop forging, which uses a series of blows, forging presses apply slow pressure to the workpiece. This results in uniform plastic deformation, or the shaping of the workpiece without breaking it.
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There are two types of forging press dies: open and closed. Open-die forging dies do not completely enclose the workpiece, while closed-die forging dies, also known as impression-die forging dies, do.
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Forging presses can use hydraulic or mechanical force to apply pressure. Mechanical forging presses use a flywheel to store energy, which is then used to move a ram attached to a crank mechanism. These presses can apply up to 12,000 tons of pressure.
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Hydraulic forging presses, on the other hand, use a high-pressure fluid to create force. Large hydraulic forging presses can apply up to 75,000 tons of pressure.